导航卫星载波相位模糊度自主解算方法

当有4颗以上导航卫星同步观测航天器(卫星、导弹)时,本文提出应用自主定位和自校准技术来自主解算导航卫星载波相位整周模糊度的方法,并以此获取航天器的高精度飞行轨道。     

GPS定位定向系统的研究

本文提出一种综合模糊度搜索算法和余度测量的周跳检测法。采用该方法进行模糊度搜索，保证了初始化时间最短的组合能在３００秒以内出现，使初始化时间大大缩短。     

单频GPS实时定姿系统研究

介绍了自行研制的单频GPS实时定姿系统硬、软件结构,以及硬件组成和软件设计对GPS定姿系统实时性的影响。然后介绍了定姿系统软件设计过程中对系统可靠性和稳定性的考虑。最后利用该系统完成了GPS实时定姿的静态试验和动态试验。试验表明,系统具有较高的实时定姿精度。该系统可以应用于地面车辆、舰船以及飞行器的姿态确定。     

利用外部辅助信息解决双星定向中的模糊度确定问题

由于我国双星系统载波相位信息少,且对地静止,难以直接利用多星系统(GPS、GLONASS等)解模糊方法进行双星定向。针对此种情况,本文提出了一种基于外部辅助信息的模糊度函数方法来确定单差模糊度参数初值,并详细分析了外部辅助信息的精度要求。进行了仿真实验,结果表明:当基线长度为2米,原始载波相位测量精度为1%周时,只需外部姿态传感器提供精度不低于1 70°的辅助方向信息,即可以约98 60%的高成功率正确确定模糊度参数。该项技术可辅助惯导系统实现快速初始对准。此外,采用多天线配置,利用INS提供概略姿态信息可实现双星实时定姿,并可进一步发展为双星/INS组合导航系统,从而极大地扩展应用领域。     

GPS/Galileo组合导航的模糊度搜索空间

为了组合导航的载波相位模糊度固定,将目前在GPS中常用的模糊度固定方法--最小二乘降相关平差（LAMBDA）法直接应用于GPS/Galileo组合模糊度固定,发现其搜索空间的确定方法并不能很好地适应GPS/Galileo组合中模糊度维数较高的情况。通过对常规LAMBDA搜索空间确定方法的分析比较,在传统方法的基础上提出了一种专门针对高维模糊度固定的搜索空间确定方法--修正法确定模糊度搜索空间。通过对修正法进行仿真试验,证明该方法能保证在GPS/Galileo组合定位模式下实际备选模糊度个数基本与预先设定的备选模糊度个数一致,进而能在不降低模糊度固定成功率的基础上有效提高LAMBDA模糊度固定的搜索效率,其性能优于传统的模糊度搜索空间确定方法。     

A new technique for direction of arrival estimation for ionospheric multipath channels

A novel array signal processing technique is proposed to estimate HF channel parameters including number of paths, their respective direction of arrivals (DOA), delays, Doppler shifts and amplitudes. The proposed technique utilizes the Cross Ambiguity Function (CAF), hence, called as the CAF-DF technique. The CAF-DF technique iteratively processes the array output data and provides reliable estimates for DOA, delay, Doppler shift and amplitude corresponding to each impinging HF propagated wave onto an antenna array. Obtained results for both real and simulated data at different signal to noise ratio (SNR) values indicate the superior performance of the proposed technique over the well known MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) technique.     

基于影响因子的时分数据调制信号模糊抑制同步算法

为解决时分数据调制（TDDM）方式而引发的信息码位符号翻转模糊问题,提出了一种基于影响因子的模糊抑制同步算法。首先通过搜索引导处理快速地解决伪码搜索范围大的问题;进一步,通过建立影响因子及分段处理,解决信息码符号翻转位置模糊问题。通过理论推导及仿真分析表明,新算法的翻转位置估计精度可以达到> 98.8% ;新算法与传统的PN算法比较,不但提高了估计精度,而且能够适应更低信噪比环境,同时降低了处理复杂度。     

运动单站长基线干涉仪自校正定位方法

针对单站测向定位中多通道干涉仪系统复杂且易受通道幅相不一致性影响等问题,研究利用运动单站上的单个长基线干涉仪(LBI)测量的模糊相位差(PD),联合估计辐射源位置和相位差偏差,实现自校正定位。针对该问题的高度非线性,提出一种距离和偏差联合参数化增量高斯和滤波(RBJP\|AGMF)算法,然后利用初始相位差得到一组方位角,采用距离与偏差联合参数化方法获得一组高斯和滤波初始值。使用增量扩展卡尔曼滤波器(AEKF)组进行递推计算,并分析了定位误差的克拉美-罗下限(CRLB)。仿真结果表明该方法运算量较小,定位性能可接近CRLB。     

载波相位测量中整周模糊度的解算与仿真

对整周模糊度解算全过程进行描述并提出GPS信号受到干扰条件下确定整周模糊度的一种方法。该方法将惯导伪距作为待定点目标位置的近似值 ,代入双差相位测量方程里 ,推导出误差项 ,通过最小二乘算法得到实数解的整周模糊度 ,再分别通过快速模糊度搜索法和综合模糊度搜索法进行整周模糊度搜索 ,通过仿真检验该方法的正确性同时对比两种算法性能。     

Precise orbit determination and baseline consistency assessment for Swarm constellation

Precise orbit determination (POD) and precise baseline determination (PBD) of Swarm satellites with 4 years of data are investigated. Ambiguity resolution (AR) plays a crucial role in achieving the best orbit accuracy. Swarm POD and PBD based on single difference (SD) AR and traditional double difference (DD) AR methods are explored separately. Swarm antenna phase center variation (PCV) corrections are developed to further improve the orbit determination accuracy. The code multipath of C1C, C1W and C2W observations is first evaluated and clear variations in code noise related to different receiver settings are observed. Carrier phase residuals of different time periods and different loop tracking settings of receiver are studied to explore the effect of ionospheric scintillation on POD. The reduction of residuals in the polar and geomagnetic equator regions confirms the positive impact of the updated carrier tracking loops (TLs) on POD performance. The SD AR orbits and orbits with float ambiguity (FA) are compared with the Swarm precise science orbits (PSOs). An average improvement of 27 %, 4 % and 16 % is gained in along-track, cross-track and radial directions by fixing the ambiguity to integer. For Swarm-A/B and Swarm-B/C formations, specific days are selected to perform the DD AR-based POD during which the average distance of the formation satellites is less than 5000 km. Satellite laser ranging (SLR) observations are employed to validate the performance of FA, SD AR and DD AR orbits. The consistency between the SD AR orbits and SLR data is at a level of 10 mm which shows an improvement of 25 % when comparing with the FA results. An SLR residuals reduction of 15 % is also achieved by the DD AR solution for the selected days. Precise relative navigation is also an essential aspect for spacecraft formation flying missions. The closure error method is proposed to evaluate the baseline precision in three dimensions. A baseline precision of 1–3 mm for Swarm-A/C formation and 3–5 mm for Swarm-A/B and Swarm-B/C satellite pairs is verified by both the consistency check and closure error method.